A website also written as Web site or simply site is a set of related
web pages served from a single web domain. A website is hosted on at
least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a
private local area network through an Internet address known as a
Uniform resource locator. All publicly accessible websites collectively
constitute the World Wide Web.
A webpage is a document, typically
written in plain text interspersed with formatting instructions of
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). A webpage may incorporate
elements from other websites with suitable markup anchors.
Webpages
are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP), which may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure, HTTPS) to
provide security and privacy for the user of the webpage content. The
user's application, often a web browser, renders the page content
according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal.
The
pages of a website can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) called the web address. The URLs of the pages
organize them into a hierarchy, although hyperlinking between them
conveys the reader's perceived site structure and guides the reader's
navigation of the site which generally includes a home page with most of
the links to the site's web content, and a supplementary about, contact
and link page.
Some websites require a subscription to access
some or all of their content. Examples of subscription websites include
many business sites, parts of news websites, academic journal websites,
gaming websites, file-sharing websites, message boards, web-based email,
social networking websites, websites providing real-time stock market
data, and websites providing various other services (e.g., websites
offering storing and/or sharing of images, files and so forth).
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Monday, May 26, 2014
Search Engine Legal Precedents
Search Engine Legal Precedents On October 17, 2002, SearchKing filed
suit in the United States District Court, Western District of Oklahoma,
against the search engine Google. SearchKing’s claim was that Google’s
tactics to prevent spamdexing constituted a tortious interference with
contractual relations. On May 27, 2003, the court granted Google’s
motion to dismiss the complaint because SearchKing “failed to state a
claim upon which relief may be granted.
In March 2006, KinderStart filed a lawsuit against Google over search engine rankings. Kinderstart’s website was removed from Google’s index prior to the lawsuit and the amount of traffic to the site dropped by 70%. On March 16, 2007 the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (San Jose Division) dismissed KinderStart’s complaint without leave to amend, and partially granted Google’s motion for Rule 11 sanctions against KinderStart’s attorney, requiring him to pay part of Google’s legal expenses.
In March 2006, KinderStart filed a lawsuit against Google over search engine rankings. Kinderstart’s website was removed from Google’s index prior to the lawsuit and the amount of traffic to the site dropped by 70%. On March 16, 2007 the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (San Jose Division) dismissed KinderStart’s complaint without leave to amend, and partially granted Google’s motion for Rule 11 sanctions against KinderStart’s attorney, requiring him to pay part of Google’s legal expenses.
Search Engine International Markets
Search Engine International Markets Optimization techniques are highly
tuned to the dominant search engines in the target market. The search
engines’ market shares vary from market to market, as does competition.
In 2003, Danny Sullivan stated that Google represented about 75% of all
searches. In markets outside the United States, Google’s share is often
larger, and Google remains the dominant search engine worldwide as of
2007. As of 2006, Google had an 85–90% market share in Germany. While
there were hundreds of SEO firms in the US at that time, there were only
about five in Germany. As of June 2008, the marketshare of Google in
the UK was close to 90% according to Hitwise. That market share is
achieved in a number of countries.
As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine. In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player. The most notable example markets are China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the Czech Republic where respectively Baidu, Yahoo! Japan, Naver, Yandex and Seznam are market leaders.
Successful search optimization for international markets may require professional translation of web pages, registration of a domain name with a top level domain in the target market, and web hosting that provides a local IP address. Otherwise, the fundamental elements of search optimization are essentially the same, regardless of language.
As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine. In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player. The most notable example markets are China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the Czech Republic where respectively Baidu, Yahoo! Japan, Naver, Yandex and Seznam are market leaders.
Successful search optimization for international markets may require professional translation of web pages, registration of a domain name with a top level domain in the target market, and web hosting that provides a local IP address. Otherwise, the fundamental elements of search optimization are essentially the same, regardless of language.
Search Engine Optimization As a Marketing Strategy
Search Engine Optimization As a Marketing Strategy SEO is not an
appropriate strategy for every website, and other Internet marketing
strategies can be more effective like paid advertising through PPC
campaigns, depending on the site operator’s goals.A successful Internet
marketing campaign may also depend upon building high quality web pages
to engage and persuade, setting up analytics programs to enable site
owners to measure results, and improving a site’s conversion rate.
SEO may generate an adequate return on investment. However, search engines are not paid for organic search traffic, their algorithms change, and there are no guarantees of continued referrals. Due to this lack of guarantees and certainty, a business that relies heavily on search engine traffic can suffer major losses if the search engines stop sending visitors. Search engines can change their algorithms, impacting a website’s placement, possibly resulting in a serious loss of traffic. According to Google’s CEO, Eric Schmidt, in 2010, Google made over 500 algorithm changes – almost 1.5 per day. It is considered wise business practice for website operators to liberate themselves from dependence on search engine traffic.
SEO may generate an adequate return on investment. However, search engines are not paid for organic search traffic, their algorithms change, and there are no guarantees of continued referrals. Due to this lack of guarantees and certainty, a business that relies heavily on search engine traffic can suffer major losses if the search engines stop sending visitors. Search engines can change their algorithms, impacting a website’s placement, possibly resulting in a serious loss of traffic. According to Google’s CEO, Eric Schmidt, in 2010, Google made over 500 algorithm changes – almost 1.5 per day. It is considered wise business practice for website operators to liberate themselves from dependence on search engine traffic.
Search Engine White Hat Versus Black Hat Techniques
Search Engine White Hat Versus Black Hat Techniques SEO techniques can
be classified into two broad categories: techniques that search engines
recommend as part of good design, and those techniques of which search
engines do not approve. The search engines attempt to minimize the
effect of the latter, among them spamdexing. Industry commentators have
classified these methods, and the practitioners who employ them, as
either white hat SEO, or black hat SEO. White hats tend to produce
results that last a long time, whereas black hats anticipate that their
sites may eventually be banned either temporarily or permanently once
the search engines discover what they are doing.
An SEO technique is considered white hat if it conforms to the search engines’ guidelines and involves no deception. As the search engine guidelines are not written as a series of rules or commandments, this is an important distinction to note. White hat SEO is not just about following guidelines, but is about ensuring that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently ranks is the same content a user will see. White hat advice is generally summed up as creating content for users, not for search engines, and then making that content easily accessible to the spiders, rather than attempting to trick the algorithm from its intended purpose. White hat SEO is in many ways similar to web development that promotes accessibility, although the two are not identical.
Black hat SEO attempts to improve rankings in ways that are disapproved of by the search engines, or involve deception. One black hat technique uses text that is hidden, either as text colored similar to the background, in an invisible div, or positioned off screen. Another method gives a different page depending on whether the page is being requested by a human visitor or a search engine, a technique known as cloaking.
Search engines may penalize sites they discover using black hat methods, either by reducing their rankings or eliminating their listings from their databases altogether. Such penalties can be applied either automatically by the search engines’ algorithms, or by a manual site review. One example was the February 2006 Google removal of both BMW Germany and Ricoh Germany for use of deceptive practices. Both companies, however, quickly apologized, fixed the offending pages, and were restored to Google’s list.
An SEO technique is considered white hat if it conforms to the search engines’ guidelines and involves no deception. As the search engine guidelines are not written as a series of rules or commandments, this is an important distinction to note. White hat SEO is not just about following guidelines, but is about ensuring that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently ranks is the same content a user will see. White hat advice is generally summed up as creating content for users, not for search engines, and then making that content easily accessible to the spiders, rather than attempting to trick the algorithm from its intended purpose. White hat SEO is in many ways similar to web development that promotes accessibility, although the two are not identical.
Black hat SEO attempts to improve rankings in ways that are disapproved of by the search engines, or involve deception. One black hat technique uses text that is hidden, either as text colored similar to the background, in an invisible div, or positioned off screen. Another method gives a different page depending on whether the page is being requested by a human visitor or a search engine, a technique known as cloaking.
Search engines may penalize sites they discover using black hat methods, either by reducing their rankings or eliminating their listings from their databases altogether. Such penalties can be applied either automatically by the search engines’ algorithms, or by a manual site review. One example was the February 2006 Google removal of both BMW Germany and Ricoh Germany for use of deceptive practices. Both companies, however, quickly apologized, fixed the offending pages, and were restored to Google’s list.
Search Engine Getting indexed
Search Engine Getting indexed the leading search engines, such as
Google, Bing and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their
algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search
engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found
automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid
submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee or cost
per click. Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database,
but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results. Two
major directories, the Yahoo Directory and the Open Directory Project
both require manual submission and human editorial review. Google offers
Google Webmaster Tools, for which an XML Sitemap feed can be created
and submitted for free to ensure that all pages are found, especially
pages that are not discoverable by automatically following links.
Search engine crawlers may look at a number of different factors when crawling a site. Not every page is indexed by the search engines. Distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.
Search engine crawlers may look at a number of different factors when crawling a site. Not every page is indexed by the search engines. Distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.
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